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风筝形几何构造：从线段到旋转与平移的复合图形

风筝形几何构造：从线段到旋转与平移的复合图形
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2020-01-14 14:26
多边形角向量变换几何作图
该范例演示了一个由线段、中点、垂线、圆、射线、交点、扇形、角、缩放、旋转、多边形、向量、平移和直线等GeoGebra命令构造的复杂风筝形（kite）几何图形。核心数学概念包括风筝形的定义（两组相邻边相等）、对称性、垂直对角线、角的关系、相似与全等变换（缩放、旋转、平移）以及向量应用。作图要点：首先利用线段AB和其中点构造垂线，通过圆与射线确定关键点C、D、E等，再使用CircleSector生成扇形，Angle标记角度α，Dilate和Rotate对图形进行缩放与旋转，Polygon构建多边形，Vector和Translate实现平移，最终形成包含多个子图形（如三角形、梯形、菱形）的复合风筝结构。适合中学几何教学，用于理解几何变换、图形性质及动态构造方法，也可作为GeoGebra进阶操作练习。

GeoGebra 命令及参数

  1. Segment(A, B) → a
  2. Midpoint(a) → C
  3. OrthogonalLine(C, a) → b
  4. Point(b) → E
  5. Point(b) → G_1
  6. Ray(E, G_1) → h_2
  7. Point(h_2) → D
  8. Segment(C, D) → i
  9. Circle(D, (0.3 * i)) → q
  10. Intersect(q, h_2, 1) → H_1
  11. Segment(A, D) → c
  12. Intersect(q, c, 1) → K
  13. Segment(D, B) → d
  14. Segment(B, E) → e
  15. Segment(E, A) → f
  16. Segment(A, C) → g
  17. Circle(A, (0.3 * g)) → h
  18. Circle(B, (0.3 * g)) → k
  19. Segment(C, E) → j
  20. Circle(E, (0.3 * j)) → p
  21. Circle(C, (0.3 * g)) → r
  22. Intersect(h, f, 1) → F
  23. Intersect(h, c, 1) → G
  24. Intersect(k, e, 1) → H
  25. Intersect(k, d, 1) → I
  26. Intersect(q, d, 1) → J
  27. Intersect(p, e, 1) → L
  28. Intersect(b, j) → M
  29. Intersect(b, j) → N
  30. Intersect(b, j) → O
  31. Intersect(b, j) → P
  32. Intersect(b, j) → Q
  33. Intersect(p, b, 2) → R
  34. Intersect(b, i) → S
  35. Intersect(q, b, 1) → T
  36. Intersect(p, f, 1) → U
  37. CircleSector(B, I, H) → s
  38. Angle(A, D, B) → α
  39. Angle(U, E, L) → β
  40. CircleSector(B, H, I) → t
  41. Dilate(D, If[0 < l ≤ 1, 1 - l, 0], A) → D'
  42. Segment(D, D') → m
  43. Rotate(D, If[1 < l ≤ 2, ((l - 1) * α), α], D) → D'_1
  44. Rotate(D', If[1 < l ≤ 2, ((l - 1) * α), α], D) → D''
  45. Segment(D'_1, D'') → m'
  46. Dilate(A, If[2 < l ≤ 3, 3 - l, 0], E) → A'
  47. Segment(A, A') → n
  48. Rotate(A, If[3 < l ≤ 4, ((-(l - 3)) * ((2 * π) - β)), (-((2 * π) - β))], E) → A'_1
  49. Rotate(A', If[3 < l ≤ 4, ((-(l - 3)) * ((2 * π) - β)), (-((2 * π) - β))], E) → A''
  50. Segment(A'_1, A'') → n'
  51. Polygon(E, B, D, A) → poly1, e_1, b_1, d_1, a_1
  52. CircleSector(E, L, R) → f_1
  53. Dilate(D, If[4 < l ≤ 5, 5 - l, 0], E) → D'_2
  54. Segment(D, D'_2) → g_1
  55. Dilate(B, If[5 < l ≤ 6, 6 - l, 0], A) → B'
  56. Vector(B, B') → u
  57. Translate(s, u) → s'
  58. Line(A, e) → h_1
  59. Intersect(h, h_1, 2) → V
  60. Intersect(h, g, 1) → W
  61. Angle(V, A, G) → γ
  62. Rotate(s', If[6 < l ≤ 7, ((l - 6) * γ), γ], A) → s''
  63. CircleSector(D, K, H_1) → c_1
  64. Rotate(f_1, If[8 < l ≤ 9, ((l - 8) * ((2 * π) - β) / 2), ((2 * π) - β) / 2], E) → p_1
  65. Dilate(A, If[9 < l ≤ 10, 10 - l, 0], C) → A'_2
  66. Segment(A, A'_2) → i_1
  67. Dilate(C, If[10 < l ≤ 11, 11 - l, 0], B) → D'_3
  68. Segment(C, D'_3) → j_1
  69. Segment(B, C) → l_1
  70. Intersect(k, l_1, 1) → Z
  71. CircleSector(B, I, Z) → q_1
  72. CircleSector(A, F, W) → r_1
  73. Rotate(C, If[11.5 < l ≤ 12.5, ((l - 11.5) * π), 3.141592653589793], C) → C'
  74. Rotate(D'_3, If[11.5 < l ≤ 12.5, ((l - 11.5) * π), 3.141592653589793], C) → A_1
  75. Segment(C', A_1) → m_1
  76. Dilate(A, If[12.5 < l ≤ 13.5, 13.5 - l, 0], B) → A'_3
  77. Vector(A, A'_3) → v
  78. Translate(r_1, v) → s_1
  79. Line(B, n) → n_1
  80. Point(n_1) → B_1
  81. Ray(B, B_1) → t_1
  82. Point(t_1) → C_1
  83. Angle(H, B, C_1) → δ
  84. Angle(Z, B, H) → ε
  85. Rotate(s_1, If[13.5 < l ≤ 14.5, ((-(l - 13.5)) * (ε + δ)), (-(ε + δ))], B) → c_2
  86. Dilate(B, If[14.5 < l ≤ 15.5, 15.5 - l, 0], A) → B'_1
  87. Vector(B, B'_1) → w
  88. Translate(q_1, w) → d_2
  89. Translate(I, w) → I'
  90. Angle(G, A, I') → ζ
  91. Angle(D, B, C) → η
  92. Rotate(d_2, If[15.5 < l ≤ 16.5, ((-(l - 15.5)) * (ζ + η)), (-(ζ + η))], A) → e_2
  93. Midpoint(A, B) → D_1
  94. Segment(D, E) → a_2
  95. Segment(A, B) → b_2
  96. Intersect(r, a_2, 2) → E_1
  97. Intersect(r, b_2, 2) → F_1
  98. CircleSector(C, E_1, F_1) → f_2
  99. Rotate(f_2, If[16.5 < l ≤ 17.5, ((-(l - 16.5)) * π / 2), -1.5707963267948966], D_1) → g_2
  100. Rotate(c_1, If[7 < l ≤ 8, ((l - 7) * α / 2), α / 2], D) → k_1