定积分与矩形近似法:几何作图与数值计算

定积分与矩形近似法:几何作图与数值计算
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2018-08-31 07:08
这个范例演示了如何通过几何图形和数值方法计算定积分。核心数学概念包括定积分、矩形近似法(左端点、右端点、中点近似)、梯形近似以及函数图像的构造。作图要点涉及使用GeoGebra命令如Textfield、Sequence、Translate、LeftSum、Sum、Intersect、Polygon、Integral等来构建函数图像、输入参数、计算近似值和绘制图形。适合高中生或大学低年级学生用于学习微积分基础和几何作图技巧。

GeoGebra 命令及参数

  1. Textfield(f) → InputBox1
  2. Textfield(a) → InputBox2
  3. Textfield(b) → InputBox3
  4. Sequence((a + (i * deltax), 0), i, 1, n, 1) → rightx
  5. Sequence((a + (i * deltax), f(a + (i * deltax))), i, 1, n, 1) → fofrightx
  6. Sequence((a + (i * deltax), 0), i, 0, n - 1, 1) → leftx
  7. Sequence(Midpoint[Element[leftx, i], Element[rightx, i]], i, 1, n, 1) → midpoints
  8. Sequence((a + (i * deltax), f(a + (i * deltax))), i, 1, n, 1) → list1
  9. Translate(list1, (deltax, 0)) → list1'
  10. LeftSum(f, a, b, n) → l
  11. Sequence(x = x(Element[midpoints, i]), i, 1, n, 1) → list2
  12. Sequence(Intersect[f, Element[list2, i], (1.75, 5.909542504884438)], i, 1, n, 1) → list3
  13. Translate(list3, (deltax / 2, 0)) → midpointtopright
  14. Translate(list3, (((-deltax)) / 2, 0)) → midpointtopleft
  15. Translate(midpoints, (deltax / 2, 0)) → midpoints'
  16. Translate(midpoints, (((-deltax)) / 2, 0)) → midpoints'_1
  17. Sequence(Polygon[Element[midpoints'_1, i], Element[midpoints', i], Element[midpointtopright, i], Element[midpointtopleft, i]], i, 1, n, 1) → list4
  18. Sum(list4) → h
  19. Translate(list1, ((-deltax), 0)) → list1'_1
  20. Translate(rightx, ((-deltax), 0)) → rightx'
  21. Sequence(Polygon[Element[rightx, i], Element[list1, i], Element[list1'_1, i], Element[rightx', i]], i, 1, n, 1) → rightrectanglesum
  22. Sum(rightrectanglesum) → j
  23. Intersect(k, p) → F
  24. Intersect(m, k) → G
  25. Polygon(D, E, G, F) → poly1, d_1, e, g_1, f_1
  26. Intersect(m, q) → H
  27. Intersect(p, q) → I
  28. Polygon(D, E, H, I) → poly2, d_2, e_1, h_1, i_1
  29. Intersect(p, r) → J
  30. Intersect(r, m) → K
  31. Polygon(D, E, K, J) → poly3, d_3, e_2, k_1, j_1
  32. Integral(f, a, b) → s
  33. Sequence(Polygon[(a + (i * deltax), 0), (a + ((i + 1) * deltax), 0), (a + ((i + 1) * deltax), f(a + ((i + 1) * deltax))), (a + (i * deltax), f(a + (i * deltax)))], i, 0, n - 1, 1) → list5
  34. Sum(list5) → u