Folding an Octahedron from Three Squares

Folding an Octahedron from Three Squares
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2018-02-20 02:16
① This example demonstrates how to construct a regular octahedron by folding three mutually perpendicular squares, visually illustrating the spatial transformation between a 2D net and a 3D polyhedron. ② Core mathematical concepts include the geometric properties of the octahedron, spatial rotation, symmetry, and the relationship between polygon folding and solid geometry. ③ Construction highlights: using GeoGebra commands such as Polygon, Point, Octahedron, Midpoint, Angle, and Rotate to create three squares, determine vertices, and rotate faces to form the octahedron; key objects include A, B, poly1, f, g, h, C, poly2, and faces like faceABJ, faceAJM, etc. ④ Suitable for upper secondary or early university students learning solid geometry, spatial reasoning, and dynamic geometry software, as well as for classroom demonstrations or exploratory activities.

GeoGebra Commands & Parameters

  1. Polygon(A, B, 3, xOyPlane) → poly1, f, g, h, C
  2. Polygon(C, B, 4, xOyPlane) → poly2, i, j, k, l, D, E
  3. Polygon(B, A, 4, xOyPlane) → poly3, m, n, p, q, F, G
  4. Polygon(A, C, 4, xOyPlane) → poly4, r, s, t, a, H, I
  5. Point(Circle[Midpoint[A, B], (Distance[A, B] * sqrt(3) / 2), Segment[A, B]]) → J
  6. Octahedron(A, B, J) → b, K, faceJLM, faceKLM, edgeAJ, edgeAB, edgeBJ, edgeAM, edgeJM, edgeAK, edgeKM, edgeBK, L, edgeBL, edgeKL, edgeJL, edgeLM, M, faceABJ, faceAJM, faceAKM, faceABK, faceBKL, faceBJL
  7. Midpoint(edgeKM) → N
  8. Midpoint(B, C) → O
  9. Angle(A, O, N) → α
  10. Rotate(poly2, (-c), Segment[B, C]) → poly2'
  11. Rotate(poly3, c, Segment[B, A]) → poly3'
  12. Rotate(poly4, (-c), Segment[C, A]) → poly4'