相似三维图形的体积与表面积

相似三维图形的体积与表面积
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2018-08-14 02:13
①本范例演示了相似三维图形(如棱柱)的边长、表面积与体积之间的关系;②涉及核心数学概念包括相似比、比例关系、体积与表面积的计算公式;③作图要点运用了 Polygon(多边形)、Prism(棱柱)、Point(点)、Segment(线段)、Rotate(旋转)、Intersect(交点)、Vector(向量)等 GeoGebra 命令与对象;④适合高中阶段学习立体几何的学生,用于直观理解相似图形的量化关系。

GeoGebra 命令及参数

  1. Polygon(A, B, C, D) → poly1, a, b, c, d
  2. Prism(poly1, E) → e, F, edgeBF, edgeCG, edgeDH, edgeEF, edgeFG, edgeGH, edgeEH, G, H, faceABFE, faceBCGF, faceCDHG, faceADHE, faceEFGH, edgeAE
  3. Point(Segment[A' + (0, 0, h), A' + (0, 0, (2 * h))]) → E'
  4. Polygon(A', B', C', D') → poly2, a', b', c', d'
  5. Prism(poly2, E') → f, F', edgeB'I, edgeC'J, edgeD'K, edgeE'I, edgeIJ, edgeJK, edgeE'K, G', H', faceA'B'IE', faceB'C'JI, faceC'D'KJ, faceA'D'KE', faceE'IJK, edgeA'E'
  6. Segment(I, J) → g
  7. Point(g) → K
  8. Rotate(faceABFE, ((t * 90))°, a) → faceABFE'
  9. Rotate(faceBCGF, ((t * 90))°, b) → faceBCGF'
  10. Rotate(faceCDHG, ((t * 90))°, c) → faceCDHG'
  11. Rotate(faceADHE, ((t * 90))°, d) → faceADHE'
  12. Rotate(E, ((t * 90))°, a) → E'_1
  13. Rotate(F, ((t * 90))°, a) → F'_1
  14. Rotate(Rotate[faceEFGH, ((t * 90))°, a], ((t * 90))°, Segment[E'_1, F'_1]) → poly3
  15. Rotate(faceA'B'IE', ((t * 90))°, a') → faceA'B'IE''
  16. Rotate(faceB'C'JI, ((t * 90))°, b') → faceB'C'JI'
  17. Rotate(faceC'D'KJ, ((t * 90))°, c') → faceC'D'KJ'
  18. Rotate(faceA'D'KE', ((t * 90))°, d') → faceA'D'KE''
  19. Rotate(E', ((t * 90))°, a') → E''
  20. Rotate(F', ((t * 90))°, a') → F''
  21. Rotate(Rotate[faceE'IJK, ((t * 90))°, a'], ((t * 90))°, Segment[E'', F'']) → poly4
  22. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[B', C'], Midpoint[F', G']], ((t * 90))°, b') → j
  23. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[B', F'], Midpoint[C', G']], ((t * 90))°, b') → i
  24. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[A', B'], Midpoint[E', F']], ((t * 90))°, a') → m
  25. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[A', E'], Midpoint[B', F']], ((t * 90))°, a') → n
  26. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[C', D'], Midpoint[G', H']], ((t * 90))°, c') → p
  27. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[C', G'], Midpoint[D', H']], ((t * 90))°, c') → q
  28. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[A', E'], Midpoint[D', H']], ((t * 90))°, d') → r
  29. Rotate(Segment[Midpoint[A', D'], Midpoint[E', H']], ((t * 90))°, d') → s
  30. Rotate(Rotate[Segment[Midpoint[E', F'], Midpoint[G', H']], ((t * 90))°, a'], ((t * 90))°, Segment[E'', F'']) → a_1
  31. Rotate(Rotate[Segment[Midpoint[E', H'], Midpoint[G', F']], ((t * 90))°, a'], ((t * 90))°, Segment[E'', F'']) → b_1
  32. Segment(Midpoint[A', B'], Midpoint[C', D']) → c_1
  33. Segment(Midpoint[A', D'], Midpoint[C', B']) → d_1
  34. Segment(Midpoint[F', C'], Midpoint[E', D']) → e_1
  35. Segment(Midpoint[F', A'], Midpoint[C', H']) → f_1
  36. Intersect(Line[E, E'], z = 0) → L
  37. Segment(L, E) → g_1
  38. Segment(L, H) → i_1
  39. Segment(L, F) → k_1
  40. Segment(L, G) → m_1
  41. Segment(H, H') → j_1
  42. Segment(G, G') → n_1
  43. Segment(E, E') → h_1
  44. Segment(F, F') → l_1
  45. Segment(L, A) → p_1
  46. Segment(A, A') → q_1
  47. Segment(L, B) → r_1
  48. Segment(B, B') → s_1
  49. Segment(L, C) → t_1
  50. Segment(C, C') → a_2
  51. Segment(L, D) → b_2
  52. Segment(D, D') → c_2
  53. Vector(E' + (0, 0, 0.3), E' + (0, 0, 1.3)) → u
  54. Segment(Midpoint[A', C'], Midpoint[E', G']) → d_2

AI 绘图提示语参考

绘制两个相似的三维棱柱,一个较小,一个较大,并展示它们的边长、表面积和体积之间的比例关系。首先构建一个底面为四边形的棱柱,然后在其上方构建一个按比例放大的相似棱柱,两者共享同一中心轴。用虚线或半透明面显示棱柱的各个面,并添加旋转动画,使棱柱绕其底边旋转,以展示不同视角。同时,绘制连接两个棱柱对应顶点的线段,以及从底面中心到顶点的辅助线,以突出相似比。标注关键尺寸和比例,如边长比、表面积比和体积比,并用颜色区分不同面。
以上提示语为根据原始绘图命令整理而来,仅供参考。