六棱柱的展开图(Net of Hexagonal Prism)

六棱柱的展开图(Net of Hexagonal Prism)
几何画板及绘图内容加载中,请稍等……
2020-05-11 23:30
① 本范例演示六棱柱(底面为正六边形的直棱柱)的展开图,通过动态折叠与展开操作直观展示三维立体与其二维平面展开之间的对应关系。② 核心数学概念包括立体几何中的棱柱结构、展开图(Net)、面的形状与数量、对称性以及相似变换;涉及正六边形、矩形侧面、等腰三角形等基本图形。③ 作图要点:使用GeoGebra命令Polygon、Prism构建六棱柱,通过Segment、Point定义顶点,利用Rotate、Mirror实现面的旋转与镜像展开,PointIn用于控制交互点,最终生成多个面(如face1、faceBCHG等)和边(edgeBG等)的展开动画。④ 适合中学几何教学(初中至高中),用于帮助学生理解立体图形的表面积计算、空间想象能力培养,以及动态几何软件在数学可视化中的应用。

GeoGebra 命令及参数

  1. Polygon(A, B, 6, xOyPlane) → poly1, a, F, b, c, d, e, f, C, D, E
  2. Prism(poly1, A + (0, 0, 4)) → g, G, faceEFKJ, face2, face3, edge1, edgeBG, edgeCH, edgeDI, edgeEJ, edgeFK, edge2, H, edgeGH, edgeHI, edgeIJ, edgeJK, edge3, I, J, K, face1, faceBCHG, faceCDIH, faceDEJI
  3. Segment(M, M + (0, 0, 2)) → h
  4. Point(h) → N
  5. Rotate(Polygon[E, D, I, J], (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly2
  6. Rotate(Polygon[G, H, I, J, K, L], (90° * t), Segment[I, J]) → poly3
  7. Rotate(poly3, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly3'
  8. Rotate(Polygon[C, D, I, H], (60° * t), Segment[D, I]) → poly4
  9. Rotate(poly4, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly4'
  10. Mirror(poly4, OrthogonalPlane[Midpoint[D, E], Segment[D, E]]) → poly4'_1
  11. Rotate(poly4'_1, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly5
  12. Rotate(C, (60° * t), Segment[D, I]) → C'
  13. Mirror(Polygon[D, E, J, I], OrthogonalPlane[Midpoint[D, C'], Segment[D, C']]) → poly6
  14. Mirror(poly6, OrthogonalPlane[Midpoint[D, E], Segment[D, E]]) → poly6'
  15. Rotate(poly6, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly6'_1
  16. Rotate(poly6', (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly6''
  17. Mirror(E, OrthogonalPlane[Midpoint[D, C'], Segment[D, C']]) → E'
  18. Mirror(poly4, OrthogonalPlane[Midpoint[E', C'], Segment[E', C']]) → poly4'_2
  19. Rotate(poly4'_2, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly7
  20. Rotate(poly3, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly3'_1
  21. Polygon(A, B, 6, xOyPlane) → poly8, i, R, j, k, l, m, n, O, P, Q
  22. Rotate(poly6', (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly6''_1
  23. Rotate(poly4'_1, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly9
  24. Rotate(Polygon[E, D, I, J], (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly10
  25. Rotate(poly4, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly4'_3
  26. Rotate(poly6, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly6'_2
  27. Rotate(poly4'_2, (90° * t), Segment[D, E]) → poly11
  28. PointIn(poly7) → S
  29. PointIn(poly7) → T
  30. Segment(S, T) → p