虚数单位i的系数构造——半圆与镜像的几何演示
几何画板及绘图内容加载中,请稍等……
①本范例通过半圆、线段、多边形及镜像等几何操作,直观展示复数中虚数单位i的系数是如何在图形上被构造出来的。②核心数学概念涉及复数表示、三角函数(正弦/余弦)与几何构造的关联,以及比率和方差在图形中的体现。③作图要点:从构造摘要可见,使用了Semicircle(半圆)、Segment(线段)、Circle(圆)、Polygon(多边形)、Vector(向量)、Angle(角)、Point(点)、Distance(距离)、Intersect(交点)、Mirror(镜像)等GeoGebra命令,并涉及对象如A、B、C、D、c、d、a、b、f、E、F、r、g、G、poly1、b_1、a_1、c_1、g_1、m、H、I、pic1、u_3、v、e、J、h、K、i、α_u、β_v、w、L、j、δ_w、Δ_v、k、l、n,通过构造这些元素来逐步呈现系数。④适合高中或大学低年级学生学习复数与三角函数的几何意义,也可用于教师课堂演示或学生自主探索几何与代数之间的联系。
GeoGebra 命令及参数
Semicircle(C, D) → cSemicircle(D, C) → dSegment(A, D) → aCircle(A, 1) → fSemicircle(E, F) → rSemicircle(F, E) → gPolygon(B, A, C, G) → poly1, b_1, a_1, c_1, g_1Vector((1.414213562373095, 1.414213562373095)) → u_3Vector((1.79, 0.89)) → vSegment(G, B) → eSegment(G, J) → hSegment(G, K) → iAngle(B, G, K) → α_uAngle(B, G, J) → β_vVector((0.89, 1.79)) → wSegment(G, L) → jAngle(B, G, L) → δ_wAngle(J, G, L) → Δ_vCircle(G, K) → kPoint(r) → NPoint(g) → MSegment(N, A) → pSegment(A, M) → qSegment(M, N) → sPolygon(N, C, G, B, M) → poly2, n_1, c_2, g_2, b_2, m_1Vector((2, 1)) → tVector((1, 2)) → uSegment(G, N) → d_1Segment(G, M) → e_1Angle(M, G, N) → α_tSegment(A, R) → k_1Segment(A, Q) → l_1Segment(Q, R) → p_1Circle(A, S) → q_1Distance(G, A) → distanceGAPoint(Circle[A, 3]) → TSegment(A, T) → r_1Point(Circle[G, 3]) → USegment(G, U) → s_1Point(Circle[T, 2.8284271247461903]) → VSegment(T, V) → t_1Distance(G, Q) → distanceGQDistance(G, M) → distanceGMSegment(G, M) → a_2Segment(W, Z) → d_2Vector(A_1, B_1) → u_2Vector(C_1, D_1) → v_2Distance(G, N) → distanceGNSegment(G, N) → f_2Distance(G, Q) → j_2Point(k) → E_1Point(k) → F_1Distance(F_1, E_1) → distanceF1E1Segment(E_1, F_1) → k_2Point(k_2) → G_1Point(s) → H_1Distance(G_1, H_1) → distanceG1H1Segment(G_1, H_1) → l_2Segment(I_1, J_1) → m_2Segment(K_1, L_1) → n_2Segment(K_2, L_2) → n_3Segment(K_3, L_3) → n_4Segment(K_4, L_4) → n_5Segment(K_5, L_5) → n_6Segment(K_8, L_8) → n_9Polygon(M_1, N_1, O_1, P_1) → poly3, m_3, n_{13}, o_2, p_2Intersect(k, q_1, 1) → Q_1Point(f_2) → R_1Circle(Q_1, R_1) → q_2Mirror(q_2, i) → r_2Segment(S_1, T_1) → a_3Segment(U_1, V_1) → b_3