正小数相加与最短路径策略:GeoGebra 建模活动

正小数相加与最短路径策略:GeoGebra 建模活动
几何画板及绘图内容加载中,请稍等……
2025-06-11 21:48
所属专题 Arithmetic and Algebra
该范例演示如何在给定网络(路径/边的组合)中,把正小数的加法与策略选择结合,寻找最短路线并验证方案。核心数学概念包括:正小数的算术运算、加法叠加的最小化思想、由多条路径构成的比较策略,以及在几何网络场景中用线段与中点等工具进行构型。作图要点与 GeoGebra 构造摘要对应:使用 Shuffle、Random 与 RandomElement 进行数据与题目情境的随机化;用 Textfield 输入并显示数值参数;用 Segment、Polyline/Polygon 等创建网络边与路径轨迹;用 Element 与 If 实现条件分支(如选择可行路径、判定最短方案);用 Midpoint 辅助生成关键几何点;通过 Corner、onboardingTextOffset、onboardingTextOffset(文本排版/引导)组织题面;对象方面围绕 countQuestion、caseNum、varA、varB、varN、decN1~decN5 以及字符串 stringA~stringC 组织小数数据与选项,最终与 startGrid、startFriend 等对象构成可供比较的多路径情境。适合中学高年级到大学基础的数学建模/竞赛入门,作为算术能力训练与“最优策略”思维导入的课堂活动或自学练习。

GeoGebra 命令及参数

  1. Shuffle({1, 2}) → allCaseNum, {2, 1}
  2. Element(allCaseNum, Mod[countQuestion, Length[allCaseNum]] + 1) → caseNum
  3. If(caseNum ≟ 1, (-11, 0), (-9, 4)) → A
  4. If(caseNum ≟ 1, (-4, -5), (-5, -5)) → B
  5. If(caseNum ≟ 1, (-2, 5), (3, 0)) → C
  6. If(caseNum ≟ 1, (5, -1), (7, 6)) → D
  7. If(caseNum ≟ 1, (10, -7), (10, -8)) → E
  8. Shuffle({1, 2, 3}) → allGivenQuest, {1, 3, 2}
  9. Element(allGivenQuest, Mod[countQuestion, Length[allGivenQuest]] + 1) → givenQuest
  10. Segment(A, If[caseNum ≟ 1, C, B]) → s1
  11. Segment(If[caseNum ≟ 1, A, C], B) → s2
  12. Segment(If[caseNum ≟ 1, B, C], D) → s3
  13. Segment(C, If[caseNum ≟ 1, D, E]) → s4
  14. Segment(D, E) → s5
  15. Random(7, 12) → varN
  16. Random(5, 10) → varA
  17. Random(2, 29) → decN5
  18. Shuffle({"Mattia", "Teo", "Andrea", "Roberto", "Chiara"}) → allFriends, {"Mattia", "Andrea", "Roberto", "Chiara", "Teo"}
  19. Random(10, 13) → varB
  20. Random(1, 99) → decN
  21. RandomElement(allDecN1) → decN1
  22. RandomElement(allDecN2) → decN2
  23. Shuffle(Join[Sequence[Sequence[(j, k), j, -4, 4, 1], k, -4, 4, 1]]) → startGrid, {(0, 0), (-2, 4), (2, -2), (-4, 3), (2, 3), (0, -4), (-3, -3), (-1, 4), (-3, -1), (1, 4), (-4, -1), (-4, -2), (-2, 0), (4, -3), (-2, 3), (4, -4), (-1, -2), (-4, -3), (-1, 1), (0, 3), (1, -1), (3, 2), (-1, 2), (-2, -2), (0, -2), (4, 3), (4, -2), (-1, -3), (-4, 0), (1, 2), (3, -3), (3, -2), (0, 4), (3, -1), (-2, -1), (-3, -2), (2, 4), (3, 1), (0, 2), (3, 4), (-3, 4), (0, 1), (3, 3), (2, -1), (-2, -3), (-1, 0), (2, -4), (-1, 3), (-1, -4), (-4, 1), (-4, 2), (-2, -4), (4, 2), (3, 0), (1, -3), (1, 3), (2, 1), (-3, 2), (-3, -4), (2, 2), (-2, 2), (4, 1), (-1, -1), (0, -3), (-3, 3), (4, 4), (-4, -4), (-2, 1), (2, 0), (2, -3), (1, 1), (1, -2), (-4, 4), (1, -4), (4, 0), (4, -1), (3, -4), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-3, 1), (-3, 0)}
  24. Element(allFriends, Mod[countQuestion, Length[allFriends]] + 1) → startFriend
  25. RandomElement(allDecN3) → decN3
  26. RandomElement(allDecN4) → decN4
  27. Textfield(inputB) → InputBoxB
  28. Corner(5) → layoutAppSize
  29. onboardingTextOffset(Corner[onboardingText, 1], Corner[onboardingText, 3], onboardingCase, Corner[1], Corner[3], Corner[5]) → OnboardingTextOffset
  30. Textfield(inputA) → InputBoxA
  31. Textfield(inputC) → InputBoxC
  32. Polygon(P1, Mirror[P1, yAxis], Mirror[P1, (0, 0)], Mirror[P1, xAxis]) → peep, p1, f, g, h
  33. Segment((-10.8, 0), (10.8, 0)) → fakeX
  34. Segment((0, -10.8), (0, 10.8)) → fakeY
  35. If(givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 2, E + (-1, 0), givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 1, E + (-1, 0), E + (1, 0)) → PLABE
  36. If(givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 2, A + (-1.5, 0), givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 1, A + (-1, 0), A + (1, 0)) → PLABA
  37. If(givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 2, B + (-1, 0), givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 1, B + (-0.2, 0), B + (1, 0)) → PLABB
  38. If(givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 2, D + (-1, 0.2), givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 1, D + (-1, 0.5), D) → PLABD
  39. If(givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 2, C + (-1, 0), givenQuest ≟ 2 ∧ caseNum ≟ 1, C + (1, 0), C + (2.5, 0)) → PLABC
  40. Midpoint(s5) → PLABS5
  41. PolyLine({A, C, D, E}) → solPath11
  42. PolyLine({A, B, D, E}) → solPath12
  43. PolyLine({A, B, C, D, E}) → solPath21
  44. PolyLine({A, B, C, E}) → solPath22

AI 绘图提示语参考

在坐标平面上生成一张网络最短路径示意图:先确定五个固定位置的节点(用坐标点表示),并按不同情形连成若干候选边,形成一张连通图。随后用折线分别勾勒多条从起点到终点的候选路线:包含一条经过中间点的路径、一条经过另一分支的路径,以及两条更长候选路径,它们共享部分边但分段不同。为保证观感清晰,可在图中同时显示每条折线对应的几何走向,并在关键节点处保持连接关系一致。
以上提示语为根据原始绘图命令整理而来,仅供参考。